Optimal Wood For Decks

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If you’re planning an outdoor deck, one of the most critical decisions you’ll face is choosing the right wood. With so many options on the market, it’s essential to select a material that meets your needs in terms of budget, durability, and overall aesthetic. Whether you’re a residential contractor or a homeowner tackling exterior remodeling, this guide will walk you through the best wood types for decking based on a variety of important factors.

Qualities to Look for in Deck Wood

When shopping for deck wood materials, there’s more to consider than just visual appeal. Your deck needs to endure harsh weather conditions, frequent foot traffic, and perhaps even pests like termites. That’s why durability, moisture resistance, and stability are crucial. Here’s a closer look at the qualities you should prioritize when selecting wood for your deck:

1. Durability

Your deck will be exposed to the elements year-round. Therefore, choosing wood with high durability will extend the life of your deck. Durable woods can resist wear and tear, from foot traffic to environmental stressors.

2. Moisture Resistance

Moisture is the enemy of wood. Without adequate resistance, wood can rot, decay, or warp. Choosing moisture-resistant wood types will ensure your deck remains sturdy and safe for years.

3. Stability

Fluctuating temperatures and varying humidity levels can cause some woods to expand or contract, leading to warping or cracking. Stable woods resist these environmental changes better.

4. Cost-Effectiveness

While high-quality wood can be pricey upfront, it often saves money in the long run. Opting for cheaper materials may lead to frequent repairs or replacements, which add up over time.

5. Sustainability

In today’s eco-conscious world, many homeowners want to choose environmentally friendly wood options. Sustainable wood types grow quickly, are harvested responsibly, and contribute to carbon sequestration.

Now that you know what qualities to look for, let’s dive into the specific types of wood that are best suited for outdoor decking.

1. Ipe: The Durable Exotic Hardwood

Ipe, also known as “Brazilian Walnut,” is a top-tier choice for decking due to its remarkable durability and strength. Sourced from Central and South America, ipe is one of the hardest woods available, boasting a Janka hardness rating of 3,510 pounds. This means it can withstand heavy foot traffic, making it ideal for busy households that love to entertain outdoors.

Benefits of Ipe Decking:

  • Extreme Durability: Ipe is naturally resistant to termites, rot, and decay.
  • Fire Resistance: It is rated as “Class A” for fire resistance, making it a safer choice, especially in fire-prone areas like California.
  • Low Maintenance: Ipe requires minimal upkeep, typically only needing seasonal cleaning and oiling.

Drawbacks of Ipe Decking:

The biggest downside to ipe is its cost. Building a 10×15-foot ipe deck can range between $3,500 and $9,800, making it one of the most expensive decking options on the market.

2. Cedar: A Classic Choice for Natural Beauty

Cedar is another popular choice among California homeowners, thanks to its natural beauty and durability. Cedar wood is known for its distinctive grain pattern and warm, earthy hues, which lend a rustic charm to any deck.

Benefits of Cedar Decking:

  • Low Maintenance: Cedar wood decks require minimal upkeep and can be left untreated if you prefer a natural, weathered look.
  • Dimensional Stability: Cedar resists swelling and shrinking, making it stable even in fluctuating climates.

Drawbacks of Cedar Decking:

Cedar is relatively soft compared to other hardwoods, such as ipe, which can make it less durable in high-traffic areas.

3. Redwood: Sustainable and Stunning

Redwood is prized for its rich, reddish hues and unique grain patterns. It’s not only visually appealing but also highly sustainable. Redwood trees regrow quickly, making redwood lumber an environmentally friendly choice.

Benefits of Redwood Decking:

  • Sustainability: Redwood is a greener option compared to many other wood types, contributing to lower CO2 emissions during production.
  • Longevity: With proper maintenance, a redwood deck can last up to 20 years or more.

Drawbacks of Redwood Decking:

Like cedar, redwood is relatively expensive compared to other wood types. It also requires consistent maintenance to maximize its lifespan.

4. Hem-Fir: The Budget-Friendly Option

If you’re on a tighter budget, hem-fir is worth considering. Hem-fir is a combination of Western Hemlock and true firs, making it one of the most affordable decking materials. It is widely available and sourced directly from the western United States, including California. While it may not be as well-known as ipe or redwood, hem-fir provides a budget-friendly solution for homeowners looking to build a durable deck without breaking the bank.

Benefits of Hem-Fir Decking:

  • Affordability: Hem-fir is one of the most cost-effective wood options for decking, making it accessible for a wide range of budgets.
  • Availability: Hem-fir is easy to find, especially in California, which means you won’t have to deal with long wait times or shipping costs for your materials.
  • Durability: Despite its lower price point, hem-fir offers surprising durability and resistance to outdoor conditions when treated properly.

Drawbacks of Hem-Fir Decking:

The primary drawback of hem-fir is that it requires regular maintenance to preserve its longevity. It’s not as naturally resistant to rot, insects, or decay as some of the more expensive wood types. To keep a hem-fir deck in good condition, you’ll need to seal and stain it regularly.

What’s the Best Option for You?

  • If durability and fire resistance are your top priorities, and you’re willing to invest in premium materials, ipe is the way to go.
  • If you prefer a natural look with minimal maintenance, cedar offers a balance of beauty and stability.
  • If sustainability is at the top of your list and you don’t mind occasional upkeep, redwood is an excellent choice.
  • For those on a tighter budget, hem-fir offers a cost-effective solution, especially when properly treated and maintained.

FAQs About Outdoor Decking Materials

What is the most popular decking material in California?

Redwood is typically the most popular decking material among California homeowners, thanks to its natural beauty, durability, and sustainability. However, ipe, cedar, and hem-fir are also widely used throughout the state.

What is the most durable decking wood type?

Exotic hardwoods like ipe are known for their extreme durability. If you’re looking for a deck that can withstand heavy use and last for decades, ipe is your best bet.

How can you tell if deck lumber is high-quality?

To ensure you’re getting high-quality lumber, choose a trusted supplier. Inspect the wood for signs of damage, such as splitting, scalping, twisting, or warping. Additionally, check the grain pattern—high-quality wood should have a straight, even grain that runs parallel to the length of the board.

Which lasts longer: Trex or real wood?

Trex, a composite decking material made from wood fiber and plastic, typically lasts longer than most wood types. However, with proper maintenance, real wood decks can last up to 20 or 30 years. The decision ultimately depends on your preference for aesthetics and maintenance levels.

What is the most expensive kind of decking material?

Exotic hardwoods like ipe are generally the most expensive decking materials. Redwood is also on the pricier side, while cedar and hem-fir tend to be more affordable.

How can I save money on my decking materials?

To save money on decking materials, start by choosing a wood type that balances cost, durability, and maintenance. Shopping around and comparing quotes from different suppliers can also help you get the best deal. Additionally, regular maintenance can prevent costly repairs or replacements down the line.

How long do most wood decks last?

Wood decks typically last between 10 and 30 years, depending on the type of wood used and how well the deck is maintained. Proper care and regular maintenance, including cleaning, sealing, and repairing, can significantly extend the life of your deck.

What type of wood deck lasts the longest?

Ipe, cedar, and redwood are all known for their longevity, with the potential to last 20 years or more when properly maintained. These wood types are ideal for homeowners who want a long-lasting deck and are willing to invest in high-quality materials.

How often does wood decking need to be replaced?

Wood decking typically needs to be replaced every 10 to 20 years, depending on several factors such as the species of wood, the quality of the lumber, and the level of maintenance it receives. Proper upkeep can extend the life of your deck, reducing the need for frequent replacements.

Is it cheaper to repair or replace a wood deck?

In most cases, repairing a deck is more cost-effective than replacing it entirely. While the average cost of a new deck can be over $6,000, repairing specific areas can be much more affordable. Regular maintenance can help you avoid the need for major repairs.

How much should I budget to install a new wood deck?

The cost of installing a new deck depends on its size and the type of wood you choose. A 10×10-foot deck might cost around $2,000, while a larger 20×20-foot deck could run upwards of $8,000. Be sure to factor in the costs of permits, labor, and materials when setting your budget.

How big should my wood deck be?

Your deck’s size should depend on the size of your yard and how you plan to use the space. As a general rule of thumb, we recommend that your deck occupy no more than 20% of your home’s square footage to maintain a balanced and visually pleasing design.

What expenses are associated with maintaining a wood deck?

Maintenance costs for a wood deck include regular cleaning, sanding, staining, and sealing. Over time, you may also need to budget for repairs or replacements of damaged boards. Proper maintenance can help you avoid more significant, costly repairs.

How much value does an outdoor deck add to a home’s value?

A well-maintained wood deck can add significant value to your home. According to a study, adding a wood deck can increase your home’s value by an average of $10,000. However, the exact return on investment depends on the cost of installation and how well the deck has been preserved over time.

Choosing the Right Wood for Your Deck

Ultimately, the best wood for your deck depends on your individual needs, including your budget, aesthetic preferences, and maintenance capabilities. Whether you choose ipe for its durability, cedar for its natural beauty, redwood for its sustainability, or hem-fir for its affordability, each option comes with its own set of advantages and drawbacks.

By selecting the right wood and investing in proper care, you can enjoy a beautiful and long-lasting deck that enhances your home and outdoor living space for years to come. Whether you’re a residential contractor or a homeowner, understanding these key factors will help you make the best decision for your exterior remodeling project.